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什么是光电效应？让爱因斯坦获诺贝尔奖的不是相对论而是它

Release time:

2019-09-26 14:56

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　　植物的光合作用是指在光照条件下，在植物叶绿体中以二氧化碳和水为原料合成糖的生物过程，由于糖类物质在代谢过程中可以产生能量，太阳能便通过这种方式被储存下来。

　　然而，这种能量很难为我们直接利用，一般需要经过转化才能成为我们普遍使用的电能。物理学原理告诉我们，能量转化过程必然会带来能量损失。于是，将太阳能直接转化为电能的课题因此提上了日程。

　　那么，太阳能是否可以直接转化为电能?这种转化过程又与哪些因素相关?这对19世纪初的科学家们来讲，这可是一个了不得的命题。

　　庆幸的是，这一难题在19世纪末取得了巨大突破。

　　拥有“最强大脑”的他发现了光与电的奥秘

　　1887年，著名物理学家赫兹(现今频率的单位就是以他的名字命名的)在一次研究中偶然发现：光照射到某些物质表面，会引起物质电性质的改变。之后的研究证明，这是因为产生电子流导致的，因此这一现象被称为“光电效应”。

爱因斯坦,能量,太阳能,转化,这种,物质,我们,电能,过程,直接

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